The Decline of British Identity and the Rise of Regional Nationalism in the United Kingdom (1973-2016)

Abstract

The idea of British identity was, and still is, a paradox. The nations of England, Scotland, and Wales claim an independent identity from the overarching rule of the “United Kingdom.” However, when Great Britain achieves something spectacular such as a medical, technological, or social success, the nations claim to be a part of a common British identity. The origins of British identity date to the 1700s. People were brought together through their common mindset which included the same religion and hatred for France. More recently, the basis for British identity has shifted from religion and a common enemy to support for the royal family. This is apparent with how British citizens view their monarchs. The Queen is viewed as the most respected in the royal family and 70% of the citizens agree she should remain in power for life. Despite continuing support for the royal family, there has been a growing dissension, particularly amongst the Scots and Welsh, with what they see as an English-dominant identity. In fact, according to a study conducted in 2005, many living in the United Kingdom today cannot define nor identify with what it means to be “British.” From the year 1973 to 2016, there was a steady decline in people who were in favor of being a part of British identity. This decline is due to an increase in nationalism from Scotland and Wales, as well as events such as the miner’s strike in 1984 and the entering and exit of the European Union