Crayfish are important to study because they are ecosystem engineers that are often an invasive species and that are pivotal in predator-prey interactions (Townsend 2004, Olden et al. 2005). Calcium levels along with ...

Our study investigated crayfish abundance patterns in Little Niagara Creek. We initially hypothesized that crayfish numbers would differ between riffles and pools as suggested by Clark et al. (2013). Pools can be ...

Leaf litter is a vital source of nutrients for stream-dwelling organisms and the rate at which these nutrients are released by decomposition is important to the overall functioning of the stream1. Both microorganisms and ...

From the time of the last glaciation, earthworms were absent from northern soils, until non-native species were accidently imported from Europe in the 1600’s. Earthworms are “ecosystem engineers” that can modify soil ...

Organic matter decomposition is an important ecological process in stream ecosystems. Decaying leaves in particular constitute an important source of food and habitat for microorganisms and macroinvertebrate “shredders,” ...

The Escalante River ecosystem, like many across the southwestern United States, is threatened by invasive Russian olives trees (Elaeagnus angustifolia).Russian olives are drought tolerant nitrogen-fixers that form dense ...