Per VIDA, the primary goal of this Research and Development (R&D) Plan is to identify approaches, methods, and best available technologies that can be applied to ballast water discharges that are effective at reducing propagules in Great Lakes...

This technical report represents the land-based evaluation of the Bawat Ballast Water Management System (BWMS) Mk2 – Mobile Treatment Unit, developed by Bawat A/S Agern Alle, 2970 Horsholm, Denmark (www.bawat.com). This work was conducted...

This technical report presents the land-based evaluation of the Nanobubble Ozone/Oxygen Water Cleaning System (NBOT 2x7.5 HP-60 units) developed by the NanoClear Group Inc. of Rockville, Maryland, USA. This evaluation was a follow-up to work done...

This technical report presents the land-based evaluation of the Optimarin Ballast System, Model 334/340FX2. This work was conducted to evaluate the potential of the system to be used as a flow-through water treatment method for the Laurentian Great...

ultraviolet (UV) chamber. This work evaluated the potential of the systems to be used as a flow-through water treatment methods for the Laurentian Great Lakes, treating via filtration and UV exposure on uptake and UV exposure again on discharge. The evaluation...