Do Musical Interventions Reduce Negative Mood? A Review of the Recent Literature

Abstract

Music interventions, including music therapy, are employed to relieve negative moods in general populations, and mood disorder symptoms in clinical populations. Music interventions include a variety of techniques, which we classified as either passive, such as listening to music (i.e., Goodling, 2008), or active, such as performing, composing, or improvising music (i.e., Gold, Solli, Kruger, & Lie, 2009).