Pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) is the resistance to multiple drugs that occurs by upregulating gene expression of ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters that transport drug out of the cell. Thakur et al. (2008) ...

The E3 ligases GRAIL and Cbl-b are necessary for the induction of CD4+ T cell anergy. Using CD4+ T cells from wildtype (WT) and Cbl-b knockout (Cbl-B -/-) mice, we investigated the relationship between GRAIL and Cbl-b. ...

This project lays the foundation for identifying chemical inducers and inhibitors in swarming cells of Escherichia coli. Swarming is a type of cell surface motility characterized by differentiated bacterial cells that have ...

Translation is a key point of regulation in gene expression. A number of regulatory proteins involved in the processes of activation and repression have been characterized through tethered function assays. We designed ...

Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) for the production of bioethanol aims to harness engineered microbes capable of saccharifying and fermenting waste lignocellulosic biomass in one industrial step. With the goal of collaboratively ...

Excessive inflammatory response is implicated in many diseases such as arthritis, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy. Previous studies have found that several cinnamon species could exhibit anti-inflammatory activities. ...

We investigated the role of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE-1) in neonatal hypoxia ischemia (HI). HI was induced by unilateral ligation of the left common carotid artery is postnatal day 9 (PN) mice, and subsequent exposure ...

Natural killer (NK) cells are immune cell types that function normally to eliminate tumor cells by forming an immune synapse. However, we have shown that the presence of mucin, MUC16, on the surface of epithelial ovarian ...

Cytoplasmic polyadenylation is a key mechanism of gene regulation in all eukaryotes. The C. elegans GLD-2 protein provides the catalytic activity for a cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerase, but GLD-2 must partner with another ...

Using a genome-wide screen, genes that were differentially expressed between aged rats that were able to learn a spatial task (aged superior learners: SL), and learning-impaired rates (AI) were identified in the CA1 region ...