http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/8337 http://minds.wisconsin.edu:80/retrieve/8418 http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/8337 http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38987 Superman's Girlfriend Lois Lane: A Reflection of the Changing Female Roles in 1960s America Parkinson, Amanda J. This paper is a chronological view of how the comic book character Lois Lane evolves in the 1960's. The research shows how a media image, specifically Lois Lane from the comic book medium, reflects the changing roles of women in society during the time period. The researcher analyzed 21 different issues of the comic book series Superman's Girlfriend Lois Lane from its 17 years of publication, using three criteria to map the changes in Lois Lane's Character. The paper describes how movements such as, the New Left, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Women's Movement affected Lois Lane. The paper describes Lois Lane's gradual change from the private sphere and the feminine mystique into the public sphere and that of the emancipated woman. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38984 From Poverty to Prominence: The Life, Literature, and Legacy of Alexander Solzhenitsyn Morley, Christopher B. Alexander Solzhenitsyn is undoubtedly one of the most influential and well-respected figures of all time. His life story is sad yet joyful, troubled but also filled with hope. The circumstances which influenced Solzhenitsyn throughout his life had a deep, lasting impact on him. Although he was actively involved in World War II and was a prisoner of the gulag it is his writing which made him a household name in both Russia and America. Indeed, he was a writer who wrote not for his own self-glorification, but rather for the people "his people" the Russian people. Solzhenitsyn wrote because he felt that it was important that the Russian people know and understand the history of their country, specifically the gulag. The passion and enthusiasm which Solzhenitsyn embodied clearly manifests itself in the author's very personal, deeply intuitive, and distinctly Russian style of writing. This paper will focus specifically on Alexander Solzhenitsyn, his life, his works, and why he is still important today. The primary sources utilized, the New York Times and the Current Digest of the Soviet Press, will serve to give a balanced account of Solzhenitsyn's treatment both at home and abroad. An important distinction must be made at the start. The Current Digest of the Soviet Press was not published in the Soviet Union, but rather in the United States. The articles in the Digest were selected by the Soviet government and published in various newspapers all across the Soviet Union in Russian. The Current Digest of the Soviet Press contains the English translations of the original articles published in the Soviet Union. Thus, the Current Digest of the Soviet Press is indeed a viable and very useful primary source. How exactly was he portrayed in the New York Times? How was he portrayed in the Current Digest of the Soviet Press? Was the New York Times generally sympathetic to Solzhenitsyn? Were some writers of the Soviet press sympathetic to him? These questions will be answered throughout this paper in the hopes of bringing a better, more accurate understanding of Alexander Solzhenitsyn to historians. This paper also addresses the above mentioned issues and presents the information in a new and interesting perspective which will allow both Westerners and Russians a chance to better understand and appreciate each other's respective cultures. The information provided by the New York Times and the Current Digest of the Soviet Press offer accurate, yet culturally distinct perspectives on the treatment of Alexander Solzhenitsyn from 1973-1974. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38981 The Role of Geography on the Morning of July 1, 1863 Laager, Jonathan The Battle of Gettysburg has been studied extensively through a variety of lenses, but it has been overlooked by military geographers. Ever piece of literature on the Battle of Gettysburg does pay respect to geography, but this paper is different. It goes beyond the world of elevation disparity and explores other dimensions of both physical and human geography through the scope of the first encounters on July 1, 1863, between the Army of Northern Virginia and the Army of the Potomac. Proven through the use of primary and secondary source material, this paper shows that the Battle of Gettysburg occurred the way it did in history because of the location and proper utilization of geographic resources, both human and physical. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38978 Paternal Politics A Family Affair: The Case of Robert, Sr. and Philip La Follette Kryzenske, Eric D. Born on May 8, 1897 to Robert Marion and Belle Case La Follette, Philip Fox La Follette grew up in a Wisconsin household where politics was the family business. La Follette learned to idolize his father, learned the intricacies of politics, and became a confidante for his father. After assisting his father's presidential run in 1924, La Follette would assume leadership of the Progressive faction of the Republican Party after his father's death. Making use of the La Follette name, his father's image, his father's friends and supporters, and planks from the Progressive Platform, Philip La Follette managed to be elected governor in 1930, 1934, and 1936. This anecdote demonstrates that Philip La Follette sought to emulate Robert, shared his authenticity towards politics and that sons choose to mirror their father's behavior in general. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38975 Small Synagogue: Great Strides Tomal, Maureen In 1972, the Chippewa Valley Lodge of B'nai B'rith sparked national attention when members voted to remove the "male only" clause in B'nai B'rith membership. Breaking a long tradition of male fraternity, the lodge added two females to their roster, angering other B'nai B'rith Lodges and the B'nai B'rith national headquarters. Despite heated exchange from the district Grand Lodges and national B'nai B'rith leaders, the Chippewa Valley Lodge continued to allow women to serve as full members within their Lodge. Refusing to stop there, the Lodge fought back vehemently against what they considered to be a discriminatory policy and petitioned the leadership to have gender removed from membership requirements. Ultimately their efforts led to a national vote that decentralized the establishment of membership requirements, enabling individual branches to decide on the issue of gender and membership. This victory, while a product of the Chippewa Valley Lodge's leadership, fits within the context of the events that occurred within the civil rights movement, second wave feminism, and Conservative Judaism. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38972 The Hayward Indian School: Realities of an Off-Reservation Boarding School Overturf, Titus This paper discusses student's experiences at the Hayward Indian School and the realities they faced in their daily lives. Their daily routines, education, health, and resistance to the boarding school system are examined and placed within the context of the Indian boarding school system through comparisons of schools in the Midwest. The Hayward Indian School was located in northern Wisconsin, near Hayward. It opened in 1901, enrolling mainly Ojibwe students from reservations in Wisconsin and Minnesota. The vast majority of the school's population came from the Lac Courte Oreilles reservation, which was only ten miles east of the school. During those years, students at the Hayward Indian School had similar experiences to other students in non-reservation boarding schools. Over the course of three decades, thousands of Indian children passed through the school with one thing in common. Their experiences at the school stayed with them for the rest of their lives. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38969 Traveling, Rolling, and Smoking: The History of the Union Cigar Makers in the United States Jordan, Joshua This paper examines the cigar making industry in the United States from its rise in the second half of the 19th Century, to its decline in the early part of the 20th Century, more specifically from about 1880 to 1920. It focuses on this industry mainly through the Cigar Makers' International Union. The scope of this labor union is narrowed to Local 162 of Green Bay, WI. This paper briefly covers the beginnings of the labor movement and tobacco growing in Wisconsin. The argument is that the CMIU's programs and connections with other labor unions benefitted its members including immigrants and women. This is supported by evidence from records from Local 162, as well as US Census Data. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38966 The Fluoridation Movement and Appleton Van Vlack, Laura In Appleton, Wisconsin, in 1957 a battle raged over fluoridation in the water. Fluoride had been present in Appleton's water supply since 1950, when the city council voted to put it there. It came to a referendum in 1957, when local antifluoridationists called for a vote. The benefits, profluoridationists argued, were that it slowed dental decay. Opponents to fluoride, however, believed a multitude of things about fluoride. They believed it was harmful, that it would build up over time and create illnesses such as cancer. Antifluoridationists also argued that it was a poison; some political extremists even believed it to be a Communist plot to deaden American's minds and subject them to mind control. Less extreme opponents argued that it was mass medication, and an abuse of governmental power. The most common argument was that it had not yet been fully tested on adults, and therefore was not ready for public use. We will look at these sides of the opponent's arguments in Appleton, how they fit into national norms, how profluoridationists overcame their arguments and won the referendum, becoming the first city in the state of Wisconsin to keep fluoride in their water supply when it was already present. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38963 "Honey, I am Keeping My Promise to You and Expect the Same in Return" : A Study of the Challenges Faced by Relationships, Specifically the Institutions of Marriage, Courtship, and Dating, during the Great Depression and World War II Mixtacki, Brian T. Relationships are complex and intricate entities, especially the institutions of marriage, courtship, and dating. It is difficult to maintain and cultivate a successful relationship during peacetime; however, the task becomes even more challenging during wartime and periods of economic hardships. Two such significant time periods in American History were the Great Depression and World War II. Some scholars have attributed the moniker "The Greatest Generation" to the generation that experienced the effects of financial crises as children during the Great Depression and were subsequently called into service, abroad and on the home front, for the good of the country during World War II. However, in recent scholarship, authors attempt to present the generation, not as a single-minded, homogenous society that was free of flaws and morally perfect, but as human beings that were unique, complex, and inherently imperfect. This paper attempts, through the utilization of statistical data, advice literature from the time period, and correspondences between Wisconsin soldiers and loved ones back home, to showcase the complexities faced by love relationships caused by stressors outside of these individuals' control. The stressors challenged these relationships (marriage, courtship, and dating) in unique ways which are evidenced through statistical data, such as marriage and divorce rates, and through anecdotal artifacts that substantiate the soldiers' fears of infidelity and subsequent feelings of jealousy. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38960 Freely Bleed and Even Die: The Story of a Civil War Soldier DeCarlo, Peter J. This paper tells the story of Adam Marty, a Union soldier who fought in the Civil War from 1861-1864. Marty was a member of the First Minnesota Volunteer Infantry Regiment. He was a resident of Stillwater, Minnesota and volunteered for three years to fight for his country. Marty fought in major battles such as Bull Run, Fair Oaks, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg amongst others. Yet, much more than battles permeate this paper. Marty's intimate writings to his famous cousin Samuel Bloomer are analyzed and set within their historical context. In general this paper is about the experience of the Civil War soldier. Large portions are dedicated to camp life, marching, politics of the time, and life in a Civil War Hospital. This paper is also about psychological issues Civil War Soldiers faced such as death and suffering, religion, battle, shock, being wounded, romance, manhood, and living up to Victorian ideals. This is how one man experienced the Civil War and it sheds a revealing light on the era and the lives of Civil War soldiers. The paper is written as an analytical narrative. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38957 Japanese American Citizens League: The Effect of World War II Relocation Camps Carignan, Maggie E. The Japanese American Citizens League was established at a time when life for Americans of Japanese descent was very difficult. They were facing discrimination from Americans of all other ancestries and from the government. In establishing the League, the founders hoped to be able to fight for their rights and show that they were Americans no matter what ethnicity they were. The League fought for a number of different rights in the 1920s and 1930s, mostly concerning the granting of citizenship. After the United States entered World War II, life for those of Japanese ancestry changed in a number of ways when they were ordered to enter relocation camps. With the change of their lives, the objective of the Japanese American Citizens League changed as well. For four decades the main task of the League was to set right the actions of the government and get redress for what evacuees had experienced. Examining this change in the organization will be the focus of this paper. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38876 Helen Thomas to speak at April 29 Devroy Forum http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38870 Dr. Katherine Schneider's second book helps children cope with disabilities http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38866 Physics program ranks high in American Institute of Physics study http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/38862 Advertising during Olympics pays, marketing researchers say